Skip to main content

Recall what I learned without looking it up

 Let me see... Today's crash course was mostly about the history of modern day computers. I'll try to recall as much information as I can without looking it up and practice my English writing.


The History of Computer

The history of computer is believed to be inspired by the punch card loom to expedite the weaving process. Various machines were also created to speed up process, but notably for calculation. These machines are huge, and only capable of performing one specific task. Machines for multitasking were starting to develop for handling multiple tasks and to reduce the bulk of some components, like the vacuum-sealed diode, which was fragile and requires a lot of spaces to suspend it. It led to the creation of transistor, which is a solid part component. It is less prone to damages, and compact. The size reduction gave way to smaller computers.


Binary logic, logic gate

These devices uses binary, and tertiary logic, but it was the mainstream to use binary logic, built on Boolean algebra, to reduce ambiguity.

Memory

There are a few types of memory storage on a computer: cache, RAM, main storage, and external memory. Cache are at the top of the memory hierarchy, with it being the fastest to access, but has the smallest memory. RAM, random accessed memory, is the modern successor of the sequential memory access. It is ranked the 2nd on the memory hierarchy. The connection between the RAM and the CPU is called the bus. The main storage and the external storage have gone through many changes too.

The size reduction happened to memory components and other components. Based on the Moore's Law, the IC would get smaller, the CPU would have more IC on it. Every 2 years, the number of IC on a CPU would double.

With photolithography, the etching can be more refined. 

Dirty byte refers to the inconsistency between the cache's and RAM's memory of the same information.


Memory storage

Each program will be allocated spaces needed and more, called memory protection. If a program has been affected either unintentionally, or maliciously, the empty memory spaces between programs will serve as an isolation.

Defragmentation is to put all the associated memories of a file or program nearby.

When you reduces the image, video, or audio details that's not noticeable to human, it is called lossless compression


Processor

Clock is the internal clock used in the CPU to keep track of how fast it is doing calculation to keep the CPU at an optimal speed and temperature. When you go too fast, overclocking it, it will heat up the CPU and might lead to damages.

Time-sharing is when the computer is big and strong and can handle multiple terminals. Yeah.


Programming

Programmers got tired of translating their ideas into machine code, putting onto a punch card, and feeding the cards to the computer, so they got Assembly, a low level programming language.


Algorithm

More programming languages, meaning faster programming and calculation. Programmers wrote algorithm so they can reuse the same thing. With internal memory, they don't have to walk around grabbing punch cards, so they can make things happen faster.


File system

Tree file system. Yeah.


What I don't understand or forgot:

IC

Turing machine

ALU

What was the main storage called?

How did they make SSD?

Which components used photolithography?


Brilliant.org

Tokenization: breaking a sentence into words and punctuation

LLM: language learning model

Corpus: the writing used to train the model

Temperature: the randomness of the generated result

Epoch: the process for training on the text

Loss: the differences between the desired and generated result

Unigram: prediction made without referring the prompt

Bigram: prediction made based on the last word of the prompt

Trigram: prediction made based on the last 2 words of the prompt

Byte-pair encoding: when the program pair 2 letters together. Is there anything about this??

Preprocessing: to make the corpus and prompt easier to process by removing all punctuation and make the sentences lowercased

Parallelism: doing things together!

Pipelineing: doing things together?

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Being respectful in streams

While I have always been told that I'm "abrasive", "insensitive", and "immature", I have been learning about non-violent communication and empathy through reading and practicing in safe spaces. Recently a series of events made me realized that I'm need to invest more time in interpersonal communication skills.       I have been thinking about a series of reactions that happened this week. Yesterday, I finally have an inkling of the fact that my behaviors in other people's streams were offensive. During Tenshii EXE's stream, I made a bad joke to eddyokhan in the chat. I didn't realize the joke was not obvious until he asked me "do you think I'm a clown" to which I apologize in chat, saying that I would stop with that joke, and DM them apologizing again and asking what I can do to make it up in an attempt to make it up.      Afterward, another streamer I have been follower for a long time was streaming, I hopped over to indi...
Post a Comment
Read more

Aurispira

  🌍Aurispira Aurispiras are sentient, highly adaptable mammalians that evolved across various environments. Pronunciation: OR-ih-speer-ah Common Name: Hoarding Whisper 🔹 General traits of Aurispira  Average Lifespan: 35–60 years (varies by regions) Stature: Comparable to a small coyote or fox. Locomotion: Bipedal digitigrade; hops and sprints long distances. Ears: Their external ears are large, curled back with tufts and especially sensitive to high-frequency sounds in those with smaller ears of the tundra. Tail: Long and tufted semi-prehensile tail for balance and counterbalance. It is thicker at the base of the spine. Fur: Muted colors with subtle striping. Eyes: Forward-facing eyes with round pupils that change shape with mood and lighting. Front paws: five-fingered paws with opposable thumbs. The fur will grow the opposite direction, and long. Intelligence Level: Creative, and tool using, but have limited understanding of abstract concepts Fur Adaptation: Cha...
Post a Comment
Read more

Hi, I'm Lumi!

  Hi! I’m Lumi Inkwood. I like learning new things and figuring out how stuff works. If I don’t understand something, I’ll ask about it (sometimes a lot) because I really want to know. People say I think a lot, and I guess that’s true. I like organizing my thoughts, putting ideas in order, and making sense of things. It helps me feel calm. I have big ears, really good eyesight (even in the dark!), and long legs for jumping. My tail is fluffy and helps me balance. I also like touching smooth things, it’s comforting. I grew up in a place with lots of rules and traditions. I liked it, but I also felt a little different from everyone else. So now, I do things my own way while still keeping the parts I love. I like making things, especially gifts for people I care about. It’s my way of showing I appreciate them.
Post a Comment
Read more